Alt Text

Sarf Families

Make sure to read part 1 first

Family 6 باب تَفَاعُل

Alt text

Rhetorical Implications of Family 6 :

Words from family VI usually imply that the action took place between two parties. The word تَسَاعَلَ for example, means to ask one another. تَلَاوَمَ means to blame one another. تَعَاوَنَ means to cooperate with each other.

Family 7 باب إنْفِعَال

Notice that this family does not have passives. This is because it is always لازم and CANNOT BE MADE PASSIVE. alt text

Rhetorical Implications of Family 7 :

Words from family VII are always لازم . In many cases, the English translation of words from this family sounds passive. إنْقَلَبَ for example, means to be turned around. إنفطر means to be split. Notice that the English sounds passive even though the فعل is not مجهول.

Family 8 باب إفْتِعال

Characterised by extra ت after first root letter in all the forms and إ - همزة الوصل It is known as اِت Family

alt text

Rhetorical Implications of Family 8 :

Words from family VIII are usually لازم. It can sometimes imply hyperbole . The word سَمِعَ for example, means to hear, whereas the word اِسْتَمَعَ means to listen carefully.

Family 9 باب اِفعِلال

This family is only used for colors. Characterised by shaddah ّ on لام الكلمة

  • It is always لازم. and cannot be made passive
  • There are 3 versions of أمر و نهي and all are interchangeable
  • Ism Fai’l and Zarf are identical

alt text

Family 10 باب اِسْتِفْعَال

alt text

Rhetorical Implications of Family 10 :

Words from this family usually imply wanting, seeking, or trying . For example : غفر means to forgive and اِسْتَغْفَرَ means to seek forgiveness. نصر means to help and اِستنْسَرَ means to aks for help.