Quran Friday - Surah Kahf 1
Quran
Assalamualaikum
I hope you all are doing well. Starting From this blog post we will start exploring Grammar of an ayah every Friday Inshallah
So Let’s Start with Surah Kahf
If you ever feel stuck somewhere, you can ask questions in the comments section below and the concept that you are not aware of you can find resources like notes, books, youtube channels/playlist from the Resources section
Surah Kahf Ayah 1 - 18:1
ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ عِوَجَا ۜ
We will explore ayah on different levels starting from beginner level to intermediate level
Beginner Level 1 - Basic Nahw :
Let’s first figure out اسم، فعل and حرف in the ayah
ٱلْحَمْدُ has ال so its definately an اسم since only اسم can have ال
Now let’s see 4 properties اسم of this word :
- Status : Since it has ending “u” sound ( Dhamma - ُ ). Therefore it is in Rafa status = مَرْفُوعٌ
- Number : It doesn’t have ending combination ( like oona,iian, aani etc ), it has ending sound “u” therefore number 1 - Singular
- Gender : Since it does’t show any sign for it to be feminine, therfore by default it is Masculine
- Type : Clearly it has ال in beginning therefore it is Proper
لِلَّهِ
لِ is Harf Jarr and it makes the next Ism - Majroor مَجْرُور
Therefore لَفْظُ الجَلالَة ( Word Allah is Referred by لفظُ الجلالة ) is مَجْرُور .
لِلَّهِ is jaar-Majroor Fragment
ٱلَّذِىٓ
ٱلَّذِىٓ is Ism Mowsool, so it is a type of Ism
عَلَىٰ عَلَىٰ is Harf Jarr and it makes the next Ism - Majroor مَجْرُور
عَبْدِهِ عَبْدِ is an Ism and it is Majroor because of عَلَىٰ
There is more to it, see the ending - it is light and has no ال and next to it is attached pronoun ه and attached pronouns are in Nasb or jarr status.
Since both of these Ism meet the requirement to be Idhafa Fragment - Mudhaf_Mudhaf Ilay Fragment therefore it is an Idhafa
ٱلْكِتَٰبَ
ٱلْكِتَٰبَ is an Ism - its properties are :
- Status = Nasb
- Number = Singular
- Gender = Masculine by default
- Type : Proper because of ال
وَلَمْ
و a harf ataf - connector word that connects 2 fragment or sentences together and لَمْ is Lightest harf that makes the Fi’l Mudhar’i فعل مضارع Lightest
ْيَجْعَل
ْيَجْعَل is Fi’l Mudhar’i - since it starts with ي and it is lightest مجزوم because of لَمْ
And Inside Doer is “He” - Default
لَّهُۥ
لَّهُۥ is Jaar-Majroor Fragment
عِوَجًا
Ism - Nasab - Status, Number - Single , Gender - Masculine (default), Type - common
That’s it for now.
We will go more deeper on next Friday Inshallah